Automated parallel software code impact analysis

ABSTRACT

A server device is configured to receive a request to identify a manner in which changed code propagates within an application; generate a group of blocks that correspond to code associated with a parent function corresponding to the application and which includes the changed code; perform an intra-procedural analysis on the group of blocks to identify a block that is affected by the changed code included within an epicenter block; perform an inter-procedural analysis on functions associated with the block, where, when performing the inter-procedural analysis, the server device is to generate another group of blocks associated with the functions, and identify another block that is affected by the changed code included within the epicenter block; and present, for display, information associated with the block or the other block that enables the application to be tested based on the block or the other block.

BACKGROUND

Large software applications, that include many (e.g., hundreds,thousands, etc.) of lines of code, are usually developed iteratively andover time as new features and/or functionality are added to theapplications as a result of customer feedback, as a result of changes intechnology, and/or as new innovations are discovered. The new featuresand/or functionality are usually incorporated by making changes to theexisting code (e.g., by deleting lines, editing existing lines, oradding new lines). Unfortunately, changes to the existing code mayintroduce bugs that can degrade the performance of the applications orcause the applications to not function properly. Additionally, changesmade to a particular portion of the code may affect other parts of thecode in ways that were not anticipated by the software developers whenthe changes were made, which may degrade the performance and/orfunctionality of the application.

To ensure that the changes made to the code result in the desiredperformance and/or functionality, the software developers usuallyperform complex testing operations to identify bugs and/or otherconditions associated with the changes to the code. Unfortunately, thetesting operations are often time consuming and/or expensive, which maycause the release of the new features and/or functionality to be delayedand/or the cost of the applications to increase.

SUMMARY

According to one aspect, a method may include receiving, by a serverdevice, a request to perform a parallel impact analysis on a changedline of code, of a group of lines of code, associated with a softwareapplication and generating, by the server device and in response to therequest, a control flow graph that corresponds to a function associatedwith one or more of the group of lines of code, the one or more of thegroup of lines of code including the changed line of code, where thecontrol flow graph may include a set of blocks that correspond to theone or more of the group of lines of code, the set of blocks includingan epicenter block associated with the changed line of code. The methodmay also include traversing, by the server device, the set of blocks todetermine whether any of the set of blocks are affected by a set ofvariables within the epicenter block; identifying, by the server deviceand based on the traversing, at least one impacted block, of the set ofblocks, that is affected by the set of variables and one or morestatements, associated with the at least one impacted block, that callone or more other functions; generating, by the server device, othercontrol flow graphs for the one or more functions, where each of theother control flow graphs may include a different set of blocks thatcorrespond to a respective, different one or more of the group of linesof code; traversing, by the server device, the different set of blocksassociated with each of the other control flow graphs to identify atleast one other impacted block that is affected by the set of variables;and presenting, by the server device and to a display device,identifiers associated with the at least one impacted block and the atleast one other impacted block for display, where the identifiers maypermit the software application to be tested based on the at least oneimpacted block and the at least one other impacted block.

According to another aspect, a server device may include a processor toreceive a request to identify a manner in which a changed line of codeaffects a group of lines of code associated with a software application;generate a set of blocks that correspond to one or more of the group oflines of code associated with a parent function, where the parentfunction is associated with an act or operation performed by thesoftware application and which includes the changed line of code; andperform, in response to the request, an intra-procedural analysis on theset of blocks to identify at least one block, of the set of blocks, thatis affected by the changed line of code included within an epicenterblock, of the set of blocks. The processor may also perform aninter-procedural analysis on one or more functions associated with theat least one block, where, when performing the inter-proceduralanalysis, the processor is to generate another set of blocks associatedwith the one or more functions, and identify at least one other block,of the other set of blocks, that is affected by the changed line of codeincluded within the epicenter block; and present, for display on adisplay device, information associated with the at least one block orthe at least one other block that enables the software application to betested based on the at least one block or the at least one other block.

According to yet another aspect, a non-transitory computer-readablemedium may include receiving a request to perform an impact analysis ona changed line of code, of a group of lines of code, associated with asoftware application; associating, in response to the request, a parentfunction with one or more lines of code, of the group of lines of code,that include the changed line of code; generating a control flow graphassociated with the parent function, where the control flow graphincludes a set of blocks that correspond to the one or more lines ofcode and an epicenter block that corresponds to the changed line ofcode, where the epicenter block may include a set of variables that aredefined within the epicenter block; and identifying one of the set ofblocks, as an impacted block, when the one of the set of block uses anyof the set of variables. The non-transitory computer-readable medium mayalso include generating a call graph that identifies one or more childfunctions associated with the impacted block based on statements, withinthe impacted block, that logically interconnect the one or more childfunctions with the impacted block; identifying at least one otherimpacted block, of the blocks associated with the one or more childfunctions, based on a determination that the at least one other impactedblock uses any of the set of variables; and presenting, for display, anotification that software testing is to be conducted on lines of codeassociated with the impacted block and the at least one other impactedblock.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute apart of this specification, illustrate one or more implementationsdescribed herein and, together with the description, explain theseimplementations. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an overview of an automated parallel softwarecode impact analysis implementation described herein;

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating example components of a network deviceof FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example intra-procedural controlflow graph associated with a function within a software application;

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example inter-procedural call graph;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example inter-procedural call graphassociated with change propagation distance;

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating example parallel impact analysisthreads based on intra-procedural and/or inter-procedural impactanalysis; and

FIG. 7 is a flow chart illustrating an example process for performing anautomated parallel software code impact analysis.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings.The same reference numbers in different drawings may identify the sameor similar elements. Also, the following detailed description does notlimit the invention.

An implementation, described herein, may include systems and/or methodsfor automatically performing a parallel impact analysis of changes madeto a software code. An impact analysis (IA) application mayautomatically perform a parallel impact analysis on the software code byidentifying the manner in which changes made to individual lines of codeaffect portions of the code that are adjacent to the individual lines ofcode and/or other portions of the code that are not adjacent to and/orare remote from the individual lines of code. The IA application mayperform the parallel impact analysis in a manner that enables softwaredevelopers to identify and/or perform particular tests to verify properfunctionality of the code as a result of the changes. Alternatively, oradditionally, identification of the particular tests, as a result of theparallel impact analysis, may reduce the quantity, the complexity,and/or the cost of the testing that would otherwise have been performedhad the parallel impact analysis not been performed.

As described herein, the IA application may performed the parallelimpact analysis by concurrently and/or simultaneously evaluating affectscaused by changes to individual lines of code based on anintra-procedural analysis and/or an inter-procedural analysis. Theintra-procedural analysis may correspond to evaluating affects caused bychanges to one or more lines of code that corresponds to a function(e.g., a parent function) within the software code. The inter-proceduralanalysis may correspond to evaluating the affects and the manner inwhich the affects propagate to other functions (e.g., functions adjacentto a parent function and/or remote from the parent function) that arecaused by changes to the parent function.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an overview of an automated parallel softwarecode impact analysis implementation described herein. As illustrated inFIG. 1, a system (e.g., system 100) may include an application server105 that is interconnected to a display device 110. The number ofdevices, illustrated in FIG. 1, is provided for explanatory purposesonly. In practice, there may be additional devices, fewer devices,different devices, or differently arranged devices than illustrated inFIG. 1. Also, in some implementations, one or more of the devicesdepicted in FIG. 1 may perform one or more functions described as beingperformed by another one or more of the devices of FIG. 1. For example,application server 105 and/or display device 110 could be integratedinto a single device, such as a lap top computer, etc. that performs allor some of the functions described below as being performed by anindividual one of these devices. Alternatively, application server 105(or display device 110) may be implemented as multiple, possiblydistributed, devices. Devices of system 100 may interconnect via wiredconnections, wireless connections, or a combination of wired andwireless connections.

Application server 105 may include one or more server devices (e.g., apersonal computer, a laptop, a server device, a wireless device, such asa mobile phone or a personal digital assistant (PDA), or the like), orother types of computation or communication devices, that gather,process, search, store, and/or provide information in a manner similarto that described herein. In one example implementation, applicationserver 105 may include logic and/or software associated with an IAapplication, which application server 105 may use to automaticallyperform a parallel impact analysis on changes made to code associatedwith a software application. The term “software application,” as usedherein, may be any type of computer program, which may include lines ofcode that, when executed by a device (e.g., application server 105),perform an act, an operation, a function, etc.

For example, application server 105 may perform a parallel impactanalysis of changes made (e.g., by a software developer or team ofsoftware developers) to software code associated with a largeapplication that includes many lines of code (e.g., more than 100 lines,1000 lines, 10,000 lines, etc.). Application server 105 may presentinformation associated with the impact analysis to display device 110for display.

Display device 110 may include one or more devices that receive,process, and/or visually display information received from applicationserver 105. In one example, application server 105 may renderinformation associated with the parallel impact analysis, via a parallelimpact analysis user interface (UI) (e.g., impact analysis UI 115), fordisplay by display device 110.

Impact analysis UI 115 may, for example, include a code listing 120, aparent function control flow graph 125 (hereafter referred to as a“parent graph 125”), and one or more child function control flow graphs130 (hereinafter collectively referred to as “child graphs 130” orindividually as a “child graph 130”). Code listing 120 may include alisting of the lines of code associated with an application (e.g., anapplication called “Any_File.c”) in which changes have been made. Thechanges to the lines of code may be identified within the listing, by anindicator that allows the changed lines of code to be visually and/orlogically distinguished from other lines of code that have not beenchanged (e.g., by flagging, highlighting, underlining, bolding, etc.,the changed lines of code; by indexing and/or storing an identifierassociated with the changed lines of code, etc.).

Parent graph 125 may include blocks that logically correspond to afunction within the application that includes a line of code that hasbeen changed. The term “function,” as used herein, may include acollection of lines of code that logically perform an operation, an act,and/or a task within the application.

In an example implementation, the IA application may perform anintra-procedural impact analysis on the application. For example, the IAapplication may identify a function (e.g., a parent function) thatincludes a line of code that has been changed and may generate a controlflow graph (e.g., parent graph 125) associated with the function. Thecontrol flow graph may include one or more blocks (e.g., blocks 1-4)that correspond to all or a portion of the lines of code within thefunction, which do not include a jump in control flow. For example, theIA application may identify a change in a line of code (e.g., line 45)within a function (e.g., identified by line 30: Any_function) and maylogically map (e.g., as identified by the arrow in FIG. 1) the change toa block (e.g., block 2) to which the changed line of code corresponds.The block to which the change has been mapped (sometimes referred to,herein, as an “epicenter block”) may represent a unit of change withinthe software code. The IA application may trace a manner in which thechange, associated with the epicenter block, propagates to other blockswithin the function on which the epicenter block depends (e.g., block 1)and/or which depend on the epicenter block (e.g., block 4).

In another example implementation, the IA application may perform aninter-procedural impact analysis by tracing a manner in which the changein the function propagates to other functions that are called by thefunction (e.g., a called function) or which call the function (e.g., acaller function). For example, the IA application may determine that thefunction that includes an epicenter block (e.g., the parent function)calls another function (e.g., a called function that is sometimesreferred to, herein, as a “child function”). In another example, the IAapplication may determine that the parent function is called by anotherfunction (e.g., a caller function that is also sometimes referred to,herein, as a “child function”). The IA application may identify thechild functions and may perform an analysis, in a manner similar to thatdescribed above with respect to the intra-procedural analysis, on eachof the child functions, which includes generating a control flow graph(e.g., child graph 130) for each of the child functions.

Alternatively, or additionally, the IA application may identify otherfunctions that are called by (or that call on) the identified childfunctions and may continue to identify successive additional functions(e.g., sometimes referred to herein as grandchild functions, greatgrandchild functions, etc.) on which to generate control flow graphs foreach of the additional functions until no other additional functions canbe identified.

The IA application may use the intra-procedural analysis and/or theinter-procedural analysis to determine the change propagation within thesoftware code. For example, the IA application may establish an analysisthread to identify other blocks within the parent function that areaffected by the change included in the epicenter block. The IAapplication may mark affected blocks in the parent function as“impacted.” The IA application may trace the change to one or moreblocks within a child function (e.g., a child function that is called bya block in the parent function) that is affected by the change based onthe analysis thread. The IA application may mark affected blocks in thechild functions as “impacted.” In another example, the IA applicationmay establish another analysis thread associated with another childfunction, that is called by another block, in the parent function,affected by the change. The IA application may identify blocks withinthe other child function that are affected by the change and may tracethe change to one or more blocks within a further child function calledby a block, in the other child function, affected by the change. The IAapplication may mark affected blocks in the child functions as“impacted.”

The IA application may generate analysis threads for other parent and/orchild functions associated with the software code and may execute theanalysis threads in a parallel manner (e.g., using hardware that iscapable of parallel processing, such as a device with a multi-coreprocessor) that permits portions of the software code (e.g., thatcorrespond to each impacted block) to be traced and identified via thethreads. The analysis threads may permit a testing operation to beperformed in a manner that targets particular areas of the software code(e.g., desired by a software developer and/or software testing team)based on the results of the parallel impact analysis.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating example components of a device 200 ofsystem 100. Device 200 may correspond to application server 105 ofFIG. 1. Alternatively, application server 105 may include multipledevices 200. As shown in FIG. 2, device 200 may include a bus 210, aprocessor 220, a memory 230, an input component 240, an output component250, and a communication interface 260.

Although FIG. 2 shows example components of device 200, in otherimplementations, device 200 may include fewer components, additionalcomponents, different components, or differently arranged componentsthan depicted in FIG. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or morecomponents of device 200 may perform one or more tasks described asbeing performed by one or more other components of device 200.

Bus 210 may include a path that permits communication among thecomponents of device 200. Processor 220 may include a processor,microprocessor, or processing logic that interprets and executesinstructions. Memory 230 may include any type of dynamic storage devicethat stores information and instructions, for execution by processor220, and/or any type of non-volatile storage device that storesinformation for use by processor 220.

Input component 240 may include a mechanism that permits a user to inputinformation to device 200, such as a keyboard, a keypad, a button, aswitch, a microphone, a camera, a fingerprint reader, etc. Outputcomponent 250 may include a mechanism that outputs information to theuser, such as a display, a speaker, one or more light emitting diodes(LEDs), a haptics-based device, etc. Communication interface 260 mayinclude any transceiver-like mechanism that enables device 200 tocommunicate with other devices and/or systems via wirelesscommunications (e.g., radio frequency, infrared, and/or visual optics,etc.), wired communications (e.g., conductive wire, twisted pair cable,coaxial cable, transmission line, fiber optic cable, and/or waveguide,etc.), or a combination of wireless and wired communications. Forexample, communication interface 260 may include mechanisms forcommunicating with another device or system via a network.

As will be described in detail below, device 200 may perform certainoperations relating to an automated parallel software code impactanalysis. Device 200 may perform these operations in response toprocessor 220 executing software instructions contained in acomputer-readable medium, such as memory 230. A computer-readable mediummay be defined as non-transitory memory device. A memory device mayinclude a space within a single physical memory device or spread acrossmultiple physical memory devices. The software instructions may be readinto memory 230 from another computer-readable medium or from anotherdevice. The software instructions contained in memory 230 may causeprocessor 220 to perform processes described herein. Alternatively,hardwired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination withsoftware instructions to implement processes described herein. Thus,implementations described herein are not limited to any specificcombination of hardware circuitry and software.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example intra-procedural controlflow graph 300 (“control flow graph 300”) associated with a functionwithin a software application. Control flow graph 300 may by rendered bythe IA application, via impact analysis user interface 115, which the IAapplication may use to perform an intra-procedural analysis associatedwith a function (e.g., a parent function, a child function, etc.) withina software code. For example, the IA application may generate controlflow graph 300 that corresponds to a parent function that includes achanged line of code within the software application.

As illustrated in FIG. 3, control flow graph 300 may include a group ofblocks 305-335 that correspond to lines of code included in the parentfunction. For example, each block may include one or more differentlines of code associated with the parent function. Although FIG. 3 showsexample blocks 300-335, of control flow graph 300, in otherimplementations, control flow graph 300 may include fewer blocks,additional blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks thandepicted in FIG. 3.

For example, the IA application may identify the data flow within theparent function by mapping the changed line of code to a correspondingblock (e.g., block 305). Block 305 may, in this example, be identifiedas an epicenter block 305 because affects, caused by the changed line ofcode, on other lines of code (e.g., and/or corresponding blocks)originate and/or propagate from basic block 305. When mapping thechanged line of code, the IA application may identify and/or associatevariables included in the changed line of code and/or epicenter block305 with particular variable sets. For example, a variable may beassociated with a set of variables (e.g., an “impacted set” ofvariables) when the variable is defined in an epicenter block. Avariable may be associated with another set of variables (e.g., a“defined set” of variables) when the variable is defined in a block thatis not an epicenter block. A variable may be associated with a furtherset of variables (e.g., a “used set” of variables) when the variable isused in a block, but defined outside of the block.

For example, epicenter block 305 may correspond to lines of code (e.g.,that includes the changed line of code) that defines variables (e.g., X,Y, and Z) and the IA application may associate the variables with animpacted set of variables (e.g., shown as impacted set {X, Y, Z}), whenmapping the changed line of code to epicenter block 305. Additionally,or alternatively, the IA application may determine that there are noother variables within epicenter block 305 to associate with the definedand/or the used set of variables (e.g., shown as defined set { } and/orused set { }).

The IA application may identify and/or associate variables for otherblocks (e.g., blocks 310-335). For example, the IA application maydetermine that block 310 includes the variables as defined in theepicenter block 305 (e.g., impacted set {X, Y, Z}) based on the logicand/or data flow of the code within the parent function. Additionally,or alternatively, the IA application may determine that block 310 doesnot include a defined and/or used set of variables. Block 315 may, forexample, include a defined set of variables that includes a particularvariable (e.g., Z) that was included in the impacted set. In thisexample, however, the code associated with block 315 may independentlydefine (or redefine) the particular variable and the IA application mayassociate the particular variable with the defined set of variables(e.g., defined set {Z}). Because the particular variable isindependently defined, any changes associated with the particularvariable due to changes in the code associated with epicenter block 305may not affect (e.g., and/or propagate to) the particular variablewithin block 315. Block 315 may include the other variables defined inepicenter block 305 (e.g., as impacted set {X, Y}) and may not include aused set of variables.

Blocks 320 and/or 325 may not, for example, include a defined set ofvariables and may include the impacted set of variables defined inepicenter block 305. In this example, however, the code associated withblock 320 and/or 325 may use a particular variable (e.g., Y) that wasdefined in epicenter block 305 and the IA application may associate theparticular variable with the used set of variables (e.g., used set {Y}).Because the particular variable was defined in epicenter block 305, anychanges associated with the particular variable may affect (e.g., maypropagate to) the particular variable in block 320 and/or 325. Block 320and/or 325 may not include a defined set of variables.

Block 330 may include a defined set of variables (e.g., defined set {X})that includes a particular variable (e.g., X) that was included in theimpacted set. However, because the particular variable is independentlydefined in block 330, any changes associated with the particularvariable in epicenter block 305 may not affect (e.g., may not propagateto) the particular variable within block 330. Block 330 may include aused set of variables (e.g., used set {K}), that includes a variable(e.g., K) that is defined elsewhere (e.g., outside block 330 and/orepicenter block 305). However, because the variable is not defined inepicenter block 305 (e.g., the variable is not included in impacted set{X, Y, Z}), any changes associated with epicenter block 305 may notaffect the variable within block 330. Additionally, or alternatively,block 330 may include the other variables defined in epicenter block 305(e.g., as impacted set {Y, Z}).

Block 335 may include a defined set of variables (e.g., defined set {Y})that includes a particular variable (e.g., Y) that was included in theimpacted set. However, because the particular variable is independentlydefined in block 335, any changes associated with the particularvariable in epicenter block 305 may not affect (e.g., may not propagateto) the particular variable within block 335. Block 335 may include aused set of variables (e.g., used set {Z}), that includes a variable(e.g., Z) that was defined in epicenter block 305. Because the variableis defined in epicenter block 305, any changes within epicenter block305 associated with the variable may affect the variable within block335. Additionally, or alternatively, block 335 may include the othervariables defined in epicenter block 305 (e.g., as impacted set {X, Z}).

The IA application may use control flow graph 300 to perform anintra-procedural impact analysis of the parent function to determine theimpact propagation of the change associated with epicenter block 305 tothe other blocks (e.g., blocks 310-335). For example, the IA applicationmay establish an analysis thread in order to trace and/or traverse dataflow paths between blocks within the parent function. The IA applicationmay use the analysis thread to determine the manner in which variableswithin the impact set {X, Y, Z} associated the epicenter block 305propagate to a another block. For example, the IA application mayidentify that block 310 does not use and/or depend on a variable (e.g.,used set { }) that is included in the impacted set variables of theepicenter block 305, which may cause the IA application to determinethat block 310 is not impacted by the change in the line of code.

In another example, the IA application may identify that block 320 usesand/or depends on a variable (e.g., used set {Y}) that is included inthe impacted set of variables associated with epicenter block 305. Basedon the identification, the IA application may determine that block isimpacted (e.g., as shown by a star labeled as “impacted”). In yetanother example, the IA application may identify that block 330 usesand/or depends on a variable (e.g., used set {K}) and may determine thatthe variable is not included in the impacted set of variables associatedwith epicenter block 305. Based on the determination, the IA applicationmay determine that block 330 is not impacted by the change in the code.In still another example, the IA application may identify that block 335uses and/or depends on a variable (e.g., used set {Z}) that is includedin the impacted set of variables associated with epicenter block 305 andmay determine that block 335 is impacted (e.g., as shown by a starlabeled as “impacted”).

The IA application may traverse other data flow paths (e.g., fromepicenter block 305 to block 315, to block 325) within control flowgraph 300 and may identify other blocks that are impacted by the changein the code. For example, in a manner similar to that described above,the IA application may identify other impacted blocks (e.g., block 325as shown by a star labeled as “impacted”). The IA may mark each blockthat was identified as impacted (e.g., blocks 320, 325, and 335) whiletraversing the data flow paths as part of the intra-procedural impactanalysis of the parent function. The marking may include setting a flagassociated with the block and/or by storing an identifier associatedwith the impacted blocks in a data structure.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example inter-procedural call graph400 (hereinafter referred to as “call graph 400”). Call graph 400 may byrendered by the IA application, via impact analysis user interface 115,which the IA application may use to perform an inter-procedural analysisassociated with one or more functions that call another function (e.g.,such as a parent function, identified as any_function) or that arecalled by the other function within the software code.

As illustrated in FIG. 4, call graph 400 may include control flow graph300 as described above with respect to FIG. 3. Call graph 400 may alsoinclude a collection of control flow graphs 405-1, 405-2, . . . , 405-M(where M≧1) (hereinafter referred to collectively as control flow graphs405 and individually as “control flow graph 405”). Although call graph400 shows example control flow graphs 405-1 through 405-M, in otherimplementations, call graph 400 may include fewer control flow graphs,additional control flow graphs, different control flow graphs, ordifferently arranged control flow graphs than depicted in FIG. 4.

Control flow graph 405 may be a control flow graph that is associatedwith a function (e.g., a child function, a grandchild function, etc.)that is called by another function (e.g., a parent function, etc.) orthat calls the function. For example, during an intra-procedural impactanalysis, the IA application may identify a call statement within thecode associated with epicenter block 305 (FIG. 3) and/or an impactedblock (e.g., blocks 320, 325, and/or 335 of FIG. 3) that calls afunction (e.g., a child function that is a called function). The IAapplication may also identify a return statement that is a logicalreturn to another function (e.g., a child function that is a callerfunction). Based on the identification of the child functions, the IAapplication may generate a call graph associated with the parentfunction and/or the child functions.

In one example, the IA application may generate control flow graph 405for each child function (e.g., control flow graph 405-1 and/or 405-2)that is called by impacted blocks of the parent function. In anotherexample, the IA application may generate control flow graph 405 for eachchild function (e.g., control flow graph 405-M) to which an impactedblock includes a logical return. The IA application may generate controlflow graph 405 for each of the child functions in a manner similar tothat described above (e.g., with respect to control flow graph 300 ofFIG. 3). For example, the IA application may create blocks correspondingto the lines of code associated with each child function. The IAapplication may establish logical links between the blocks based on thedata flow within the child function. The IA application may generatecall graph 400 based on control flow graph 300 associated with theparent function and control flow graphs 405 associated with the childfunctions. Alternatively, or additionally, the IA application mayestablish logical connections (e.g., shown as impacted call 405 and 410)between the impacted blocks within the parent function and blocks withinthe child functions that were called by the impacted blocks. The IAapplication may also establish logical connections (e.g., shown asimpacted return 415) between the impacted block within the parentfunction and a block within the child function to which the return isbeing sent by the impacted block.

The IA application may use call graph 400 to perform theinter-procedural impact analysis. For example, the IA application mayestablish an analysis thread that includes performing anintra-procedural impact analysis of the parent function in a mannersimilar to that described above with respect to FIG. 3. Additionally,the IA application may establish a separate analysis thread associatedwith inter-procedural impact propagation from the parent function tochild functions called by impacted blocks within the parent function.For example, the IA application may establish an analysis thread totraverse a data flow path (e.g., impacted call 405) based on a callstatement from block 325 of the parent function to a block (e.g., block1) within a called child function associated with control flow graph405-1. The IA application may, for example, perform an intra-proceduralanalysis of the blocks, associated with the data flow to and/or fromblock 1, within the called child function in a manner similar to thatdescribed above with respect to FIG. 3. The IA application may mark theblocks, within the child function, that are impacted by the changeassociated with epicenter block 305. The IA application may establishother analysis threads associated with other call statements (e.g.,impacted call 410) to other called child functions (e.g., associatedwith control flow graph 405-2).

In another example, the IA application may establish an analysis threadassociated with inter-procedural impact propagation from the parentfunction to a child function that calls the parent function. Forexample, the IA application may establish an analysis thread to traversea data flow path (e.g., impacted return 415) based on a return statementfrom block 335 of the parent function to a block (e.g., block 2) withina caller child function associated with control flow graph 405-M. The IAapplication may, for example, perform an intra-procedural analysis ofthe blocks, associated with the data flow to and/or from block 2, withinthe caller child function in a manner similar to that described abovewith respect to FIG. 3. The IA application may mark the blocks, withinthe child function, that are impacted by the change associated withepicenter block 305.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example inter-procedural call graph500 (hereinafter referred to as “call graph 500”) associated with changepropagation distance. For example, call graph 500 may include a controlflow graph 300, associated with the parent function, logicallyinterconnected with control flow graphs 405, associated with calledand/or caller child functions, as illustrated in FIG. 4. Additionally,or alternatively, call graph 500 may include control flow graphs 505-1,505-2, . . . , 505-N (where N≧1) (hereinafter referred to collectivelyas “control flow graphs 505” and individually as “control flow graph505”). Although call graph 500 shows example control flow graphs 505-1through 505-N, in other implementations, call graph 500 may includefewer control flow graphs, additional control flow graphs, differentcontrol flow graphs, or differently arranged control flow graphs thandepicted in FIG. 5.

Control flow graph 505 may be a control flow graph that is associatedwith a child function that is called by another child function or achild function that calls another child function. For example, the IAapplication may, in a manner similar to that described above (e.g., withrespect to FIG. 4), identify other child functions (hereinafter referredto as “grandchild functions”) as a result of an inter-proceduralanalysis associated with a parent function one or more child functions.More particularly, the IA application may identify call statementsand/or return statements to grandchild functions while performing anintra-procedural impact analysis of each child function identified inthe inter-procedural analysis. The IA application may generate controlflow graph 505 for each of the grandchild functions and may, in a mannersimilar to that described above (e.g., with respect to FIG. 4) determinewhich blocks, associated with the grandchild functions, is impacted bythe propagation of the change in epicenter block 305 (FIG. 3) of theparent function.

The IA application may determine a distance associated with a child,grandchild, and/or other functions relative to the parent function. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 5, the IA application may associate the parentfunction with a distance of zero (e.g., as shown by arrow 510). Inanother example, the IA application may associated child functions(e.g., associated with control flow graphs 405-1 through 405-M) with adistance of one (e.g., as shown by arrow 515-1 and/or 515-2). In yetanother example, the IA application may associate grandchild functions(e.g., associated with control flow graphs 505-1 through 505-N) with adistance of two (e.g., as shown by arrow 520). The IA application maycontinue to perform inter-procedural impact analysis to identifyadditional layers of child functions (e.g., great grandchild functions,etc.) on which to identify impacted blocks until no call statements orreturn statements are identified. The IA application may mark theimpacted blocks and may associate a distance with each of the additionallayers of child functions.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating example parallel impact analysisthreads 600 based on intra-procedural and/or inter-procedural impactanalysis. For example, the IA application may, in a manner similar tothat described above (e.g., with respect to FIG. 3), generate a controlflow graph (e.g., control flow graph 300) in order to determine theinter-dependencies of the blocks relative to epicenter block 305. Asillustrated in FIG. 6, IA application may establish an analysis thread(e.g., analysis thread 612) associated with the parent function toperform an intra-procedural impact analysis to identify impacted blockswithin control flow graph 300. In another example, the IA applicationmay generate control flow graphs for other parent functions identifiedin the code and may establish other analysis threads (e.g., thread 614and 616) to perform intra-procedural impact analyses on the otherthreads. Additionally, or alternatively, the IA application may executethe analysis threads associated with parent functions that correspond tothe same distance (e.g., distance zero 610) in a concurrent and/orparallel manner, which may reduce the time associated with performingthe analysis in a sequential manner. In this example, illustrated inFIG. 6, other threads (e.g., threads 614 and 616) may be idle when onlyone parent function has been identified.

Based on the intra-procedural impact analysis, the IA application mayperform an inter-procedural analysis, in a manner similar to thatdescribed above (e.g., with respect to FIG. 4). For example, the IAapplication may identify child functions associated with a particulardistance relative to the parent function (e.g., distance one 620) basedon the call statements and/or return statements included within theimpacted blocks of control flow graph 300. The IA application maygenerate control flow graphs (e.g., control flow graphs 405-1 through405-M) for each child function in order to determine the data flowdependencies between blocks within the child functions. As illustratedin FIG. 6, IA application may establish parallel analysis threads (e.g.,analysis threads 622-626) for each of the child functions associatedwith the particular distance in order to perform an intra-proceduralimpact analysis to identify impacted blocks associated with the childfunctions. For example, the IA application may execute the analysisthreads associated with child functions in a concurrent and/or parallelmanner, which may reduce the time associated with performing theanalysis in a sequential manner.

The IA application may continue to identify functions (e.g., grandchildfunctions, great grandchild functions, etc.) at increasing distancesrelative to the parent function (e.g., distance two 630, distance three,and/or other distances) in a manner similar to that described above. TheIA application may generate additional threads for each functionassociated with the inter-procedural impact analysis and may execute thethreads in parallel, as described above. The quantity of blocks and/orfunctions associated with a software application to be analyzed may bescaled by adjusting a quantity of threads to be executed in parallel bythe IA application. Executing the threads in parallel may be performedusing multi-core processors associated with underlying hardware on whichthe IA application is executing. In one example, scaling up a quantityof blocks and/or functions to be analyzed may include increasing aquantity of parallel analysis threads to be executed and/or increasing aquantity of cores in a processor, or a quantity of separate processors,associated with the underlying hardware.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart illustrating an example process 700 forperforming an automated parallel software code impact analysis. In oneexample implementation, process 700 may be performed by applicationserver 105. In another example implementation, some or all of process700 may be performed by another device or a group of devices separatefrom or including application server 105.

As shown in FIG. 7, process 700 may include receiving a request toperform a parallel impact analysis (block 705) and retrieving code inresponse to the request (block 710). For example, application server 105may receive a request (e.g., from a user of application server 105) toperform a parallel impact analysis to identify the affects of changesmade to code associated with a software application. In one example, therequest may include a filename associated with a file that includes thechanged version of the code and/or identifiers that permit the changesto the code to be identified by an IA application hosted by applicationserver 105. Application server 105 may, in response to the request,retrieve the file from a memory (e.g., a memory associated withapplication server 105) based on the filename received in the request.In another example implementation, application server 105 may identifychanges to the code in another way. For example, the IA application may,in response to the request, identify changes in the code by comparing afile of an original version of the code, with another file of an updatedversion of the code that includes one or more changes to the originalversion of the code. The IA application may identify a change to thecode when a line of code in the updated version does not match a line ofcode in the original version.

As also shown in FIG. 7, process 700 may include identifying a parentfunction within the retrieved code (block 715). For example, the IAapplication may identify a parent function in the code that isassociated with an identified change in a line of code. In one example,the IA application may identify the parent function based on a quantityof lines of code (e.g., that include the changed line of code) thatperform an act, an operation, or a task within the software application.In another example, the IA application may identify the parent functionassociated with the changed line of code based on a line of code (e.g.,that precedes the changed line of code) that identifies the beginning ofthe parent function (e.g., with an identifier, such as a name, a label,a symbol, etc. associated with the function) and another line of code(e.g., that follows the changed line of code) that defines an end to theparent function (e.g., with another identifier, such as “end,” a symbol,a label, etc.). In another example implementation, the IA applicationmay identify other parent functions, where each of the other parentfunctions correspond to a different changed line of code.

As further shown in FIG. 7, process 700 may include generating a controlflow graph associated with a parent function (block 720). For example,the IA application may generate a control flow graph (e.g., control flowgraph 300 of FIG. 3) by identifying blocks that are associated with theparent function. For example, in a manner similar to that describedabove (e.g., with respect to FIG. 3), the IA application may generateblocks that correspond to the lines of code within the parent functionthat define the data and/or logic flow within the function. The IAapplication may, for example, identify a portion of the lines of codewithin the parent function and may map the portion of the lines of codeto a block. In another example, the IA application may map anotherportion of the lines of code within the parent function that includesthe changed line of code to an epicenter block. The blocks may belogically interconnected based on the logic and/or data flow between theblocks. For example, the IA application may identify which variables aredefined within the lines of code associated with the epicenter block(e.g., X, Y, Z) and may associate the defined variables with an impactedset of variables (e.g., impacted set {X, Y, Z}). The IA application mayidentify which variables are defined in other blocks and may associatethe variables with a defined set of variables. The IA application mayidentify which variables are used in the other blocks and may associatethe used variables with a used set of variables.

In another example implementation, the IA application may generate acontrol flow graph for each parent function identified in the codeassociated with the software application. The IA application maygenerate blocks and associated variables within the epicenter blocksand/or other blocks to impacted set, defined set, used set, and/or someother set of variables.

As yet further shown in FIG. 7, process 700 may include establishing aparallel analysis thread based on the control flow graph (block 725) andidentifying and/or marking impacted blocks (block 730). For example, theIA application may establish an analysis thread associated with thecontrol flow graph, which the IA application may use to perform anintra-procedural analysis of the parent function to identify the mannerin which the changed line of code affects other blocks within the parentfunction. In one example, the IA application may determine that a blockdoes not include any variables (e.g., X, Y, or Z) that are included inan impacted set of variables (e.g., impacted set {X, Y, Z}) associatedwith the epicenter block. Based on the determination that none of thevariables in the impacted set are included the block, the IA applicationmay determine that the block is independent of the epicenter block and,thus, is not an impacted block.

In another example, the IA application may determine that a particularvariable (e.g., X), associated with a block, is included in the impactedset of variables, associated with the epicenter block. The IAapplication may also determine that the particular variable is defined(or redefined) in the block (e.g., and/or is included in a defined set{X} associated with the block). Based on the determination that theparticular variable is defined in the block, the IA application maydetermine that the block is not dependent on the epicenter block and,thus, is not an impacted block. In yet another example, the IAapplication may determine that a particular variable (e.g., Y),associated with another block, is included in the impacted set ofvariables associated with the epicenter block. The IA application mayalso determine that the particular variable is used in the other block(e.g., and/or is included in a used set {Y} associated with the otherblock). Based on the determination that the particular variable is usedin the other block, the IA application may determine that the otherblock is dependent on the epicenter block and may mark the other blockas impacted.

In another example implementation, the IA application may establishother analysis threads (e.g., parallel analysis threads) associated withother control flow graphs that correspond to other parent functionsidentified within the code. The IA application may, for example, executethe other analysis threads in a parallel and/or concurrent manner, asdescribed above (e.g., associated with distance zero 610 analysisthreads with respect to FIG. 6). When executing the analysis threadsassociated with the other control flow graphs, the IA application mayidentify the manner in which the changes, associated with each of theepicenter blocks, propagate and/or impact other blocks associated witheach of the epicenter blocks. The IA application may mark the impactedblocks and/or store an identifier associated with the impacted blocks ina memory associated with application server 105.

As still further shown in FIG. 7, if a call and/or return statement isidentified (block 735—YES), the process 700 may include assigning adistance value and/or generating a control flow graph associated with anidentified statement (block 740). For example, when executing ananalysis thread associated with a control flow graph, the IA applicationmay identify a call statement and/or a return statement within one ormore impacted blocks. Based on the identification of the call and/orreturn statement, the IA application may perform an inter-proceduralanalysis to identify other functions (e.g., child function, grandchildfunctions, etc.) to which changes, associated with the epicenter block,may propagate.

For example, the IA application may traverse the call statement and/orthe return statement to identify a function, which may depend on and/orbe affected by the changes associated with the parent function. Based onthe identification of the function, the IA application may, in a mannersimilar to that described above (e.g., with respect to block 720),generate a control flow graph by logically creating blocks and/ormapping portions of the code, associated with the function, to theblocks.

In another example implementation, the IA application may identify othercall statements and/or return statements within impacted blocksassociated with the parent function and may identify other functionsthat are dependent on and/or affected by the changes associated with theepicenter block. The IA application may, for example, generate a controlflow graph for each of the other functions. When performing theinter-procedural analysis, the IA application may generate a call graph(e.g., call graph 500 of FIG. 5) that identifies interconnectionsbetween the parent function and the other functions. The IA applicationmay assign a distance value to the other functions (e.g., a value ofone, and/or some other value) relative to a distance associated with theparent function (e.g., a value of zero, and/or some other value).

As also shown in FIG. 7, process 700 may include establishing a parallelanalysis thread associated with a control flow graph that corresponds toan assigned distance (block 745) and identifying and/or marking impactedblocks (block 730). For example, the IA application may establishparallel analysis threads associated with each of the control flowgraphs that correspond to other functions and/or a particular distance(e.g., a distance of one). The IA application may, for example, executethe analysis threads in a parallel and/or concurrent manner, asdescribed above (e.g., associated with distance zero 620 analysisthreads with respect to FIG. 6). When executing the parallel analysisthreads, the IA application may, in a manner similar to that describedabove (e.g., with respect to block 730), perform an intra-proceduralanalysis, for each control flow graph, to identify impacted blocksassociated with the other functions. The IA application may mark theimpacted blocks associated with each flow control graph and/or may storean identifier associated with each impacted block in a memory associatedwith application server 105.

As further shown in FIG. 7, if a call and/or return statement is notidentified (block 735—NO), then process 700 may include generatingresults of an impact analysis and presenting the results for display(block 750). For example, when executing an analysis thread associatedwith a control flow graph, the IA application may not identify anyimpacted blocks. In another example, the IA application may not identifya call statement and/or return statement within an impacted block. Basedon the determination, the IA application may determine that no otherfunctions are affected by the changes to the code associated with theepicenter block. Alternatively, or additionally, the IA application maygenerate results of the parallel impact analysis based on theintra-procedural and/or inter-procedural analysis described above. Forexample, the IA application may generate a list of impacted blocksand/or functions to which the impacted blocks correspond. In anotherexample, the IA application may identify a distance and/or level of theblock and/or functions, relative to the parent function.

The IA application may present the results of the parallel impactanalysis to display device 110 for display via impact analysis UI 115.For example, the IA application may present, for display on displaydevice 110, a call graph (e.g., call graph 500 of FIG. 5) and/or one ormore control flow graphs (e.g., control flow graph 300 of FIG. 3). Inanother example, the IA application may present the list of impactedfunctions and/or distances for display. A user of application server 105(e.g., such as a software tester, a software test team, etc.) may usethe results of the impact analysis to identify particular software teststo perform based on the impacted blocks, functions, etc. identified inthe results of the impact analysis.

An implementation, described herein, may include systems and/or methodsfor automatically performing a parallel impact analysis of changes madeto a software code. The systems and/or methods may automatically performa parallel impact analysis on the software code by identifying themanner in which changes made to individual lines of code affect portionsof the code that are adjacent to the individual lines of code and/orother portions of the code that are not adjacent to and/or are remotefrom the individual lines of code. The systems and/or methods maygenerate a control flow graph associated a parent function that includesa changed line of code. The systems and/or methods may use the controlflow graph to perform an intra-procedural analysis that may correspondto evaluating affects caused by changes to one or more lines of codethat corresponds to the parent function within the software code. Thesystems and/or methods may, as a result of the intra-proceduralanalysis, identify other functions that call the parent function or arecalled by the parent function. The systems and/or methods may create ananalysis thread for each of the identified other functions and mayperform an inter-procedural analysis that includes concurrentlyexecuting the analysis thread for each of the identified other functionsto evaluate the affects and the manner in which the changed line of codepropagates to the other functions. The systems and/or methods maypresent the results of the intra-procedural analysis and/or theinter-procedural analysis for display that permits portions of thesoftware code, that are affected by the changed line of code, to beidentified and tested.

The foregoing description provides illustration and description, but isnot intended to be exhaustive or to limit the description to the preciseform disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light ofthe above teachings or may be acquired from practice of the invention.

While a series of blocks has been described with regard to FIG. 7, theorder of the blocks may be modified in other embodiments. Further,non-dependent blocks may be performed in parallel.

It will be apparent that embodiments, as described herein, may beimplemented in many different forms of software, firmware, and hardwarein the embodiments illustrated in the figures. The actual software codeor specialized control hardware used to implement embodiments describedherein is not limiting of the invention. Thus, the operation andbehavior of the embodiments were described without reference to thespecific software code—it being understood that software and controlhardware may be designed to implement the embodiments based on thedescription herein.

Further, certain portions, described above, may be implemented as acomponent or logic that performs one or more functions. A component orlogic, as used herein, may include hardware, such as a processor, ASIC,or FPGA, or a combination of hardware and software (e.g., a processorexecuting software).

Even though particular combinations of features are recited in theclaims and/or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are notintended to limit the disclosure of the invention. In fact, many ofthese features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in theclaims and/or disclosed in the specification.

No element, act, or instruction used in the present application shouldbe construed as critical or essential unless explicitly described assuch. Also, as used herein, the article “a” is intended to include oneor more items. Where only one item is intended, the term “one” orsimilar language is used. Further, the phrase “based on” is intended tomean “based, at least in part, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise.

1. A method comprising: receiving, by a server device, a request toperform a parallel impact analysis on a changed line of code, of aplurality of lines of code, associated with a software application;generating, by the server device and in response to the request, acontrol flow graph that corresponds to a function associated with one ormore of the plurality of lines of code, the one or more of the pluralityof lines of code including the changed line of code, where the controlflow graph includes one or more blocks that correspond to the one ormore of the plurality of lines of code, the one or more blocks includingan epicenter block associated with the changed line of code; traversing,by the server device, the one or more blocks to determine whether any ofthe one or more blocks are affected by a set of variables within theepicenter block; identifying, by the server device and based on thetraversing, at least one impacted block, of the one or more blocks, thatis affected by the set of variables and one or more statements,associated with the at least one impacted block, that call one or moreother functions; generating, by the server device, other control flowgraphs for the one or more functions, where each of the other controlflow graphs include a different one or more blocks that correspond to arespective, different one or more of the plurality of lines of code;traversing, by the server device, the different one or more blocksassociated with each of the other control flow graphs to identify atleast one other impacted block that is affected by the set of variables;and presenting, by the server device and to a display device,identifiers associated with the at least one impacted block and the atleast one other impacted block for display, where the identifiers permitthe software application to be tested based on the at least one impactedblock and the at least one other impacted block.
 2. The method of claim1, where generating the control flow graph includes: mapping differentportions of the one or more of the plurality of lines of code to the oneor more blocks; and mapping a particular portion of the one or more ofthe plurality of lines of code to the epicenter block, where theparticular portion of the one or more lines of code includes the changedline of code.
 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising: creatinglogical interconnections between the one or more blocks based on amanner in which data or logic flows within the function.
 4. The methodof claim 1, where traversing the one or more blocks further includes:identifying one or more variables that are defined within the epicenterblock based on the changed line of code; and associating the one or morevariables with an impacted set of variables associated with theepicenter block.
 5. The method of claim 1, where traversing the one ormore blocks further includes: examining lines of code, associated witheach of the one or more blocks, to determine whether variables, withinthe each of the one or more blocks, is associated with a defined set ofvariables or a used set of variables; and associating the variables withthe defined set of variables or the used set of variables, correspondingto each of the one or more blocks, based on the determination.
 6. Themethod of claim 5, where identifying the at least one impacted blockincludes: identifying that a block, of the one or more blocks, is the atleast one impacted block, when a variable, included in the set ofvariables, is associated with the used set of variables that correspondsto the block; and identifying that another block, of the one or moreblocks, is not an impacted block, when another variable, included in theset of variables, is associated with the defined set of variables thatcorresponds to the other block.
 7. The method of claim 5, where the setof variables is an impacted set of variables; and where identifying theat least one impacted block includes: determining that a block, of theone or more blocks, is not affected by the epicenter block when: theblock defines a variable that is associated with the impacted set ofvariables, or the block does not use a variable that is associated withthe impacted set of variables.
 8. The method of claim 1, whereidentifying the at least one impacted block includes: detecting, withinthe at least one impacted block, a call statement associated with afirst function, where the call statement indicates that the firstfunction is called by the function; detecting, within the at least oneimpacted block, a return statement associated with a second function,where the return statement indicates that the second function calls thefunction; and assigning a distance to the first function or the secondfunction.
 9. The method of claim 8, where traversing the different oneor more blocks associated with the each of the other control flow graphsfurther includes: performing an inter-procedural impact analysis bycreating an analysis thread that corresponds to a first control flowgraph associated with the first function and another analysis threadthat corresponds to a second control flow graph associated with thesecond function; and simultaneously executing a plurality of analysisthreads, associated with the distance, to identify the at least oneother impacted block, where the analysis thread and the other analysisthread are associated with the plurality of analysis threads.
 10. Themethod of claim 9, further comprising: identifying a third functionbased on another call statement or another return statement detectedwithin the at least one other impacted block; assigning another distanceto the third function that permits the server device to create a furtheranalysis thread associated with the third function; and simultaneouslyexecuting another plurality of analysis threads, associated with theother distance, to identify at least one further impacted block, wherethe further analysis thread is associated with the other plurality ofanalysis threads.
 11. A server device comprising: a processor to:receive a request to identify a manner in which a changed line of codeaffects a plurality of lines of code associated with a softwareapplication, generate one or more blocks that correspond to one or moreof the plurality of lines of code associated with a parent function,where the parent function is associated with an act or operationperformed by the software application and which includes the changedline of code, perform, in response to the request, an intra-proceduralanalysis on the one or more blocks to identify at least one block, ofthe one or more blocks, that is affected by the changed line of codeincluded within an epicenter block, of the one or more blocks, performan inter-procedural analysis on one or more functions associated withthe at least one block, where, when performing the inter-proceduralanalysis the processor is to: generate another one or more blocksassociated with each of the one or more functions, and identify at leastone other block, of the other one or more blocks, that is affected bythe changed line of code included within the epicenter block, andpresent, for display on a display device, information associated withthe at least one block or the at least one other block that enables thesoftware application to be tested based on the at least one block or theat least one other block.
 12. The server device of claim 11, where, whenperforming the intra-procedural analysis, the processor is further to:mark the at least one block as having been affected by the changed lineof code, and perform the inter-procedural analysis based on the markingof the at least one block; and where, when performing theinter-procedural analysis, the processor is further to: mark the atleast one other block as having been affected by the changed line ofcode, and generating the information based on the marking of the atleast one block or the marking of the at least one other block.
 13. Theserver device of claim 12, where the processor is further to: performanother inter-procedural analysis on another one or more functionsassociated with the at least one other block based on the marking of theat least one other block and a logical interconnection between the atleast one other block and the other one or more functions.
 14. Theserver device of claim 11, where, when generating the one or moreblocks, the processor is to: map different portions of the one or moreof the plurality of lines of code to the one or more blocks, where oneof the different portions includes the changed line of code that ismapped to the epicenter block.
 15. The server device of claim 11, where,when generating the one or more blocks, the processor is to: associateone or more variables, associated with the epicenter block, with animpacted set of variables when the one or more variables are definedwithin the epicenter block, associate a first variable, associated witha particular block of the one or more blocks, with a used set ofvariables, when the first variable is used, but not defined, within theparticular block, and associate a second variable, associated with theparticular block, with a defined set of variables when the secondvariable is defined within the particular block.
 16. The server deviceof claim 15, where, when performing the intra-procedural analysis, theprocessor is to: identify the particular block as an impacted block whenat least one of the used set of variables is included in the impactedset of variables, and determine that the particular block is not animpacted block when none of the used set of variables are included inthe impacted set of variables.
 17. The server device of claim 15, where,when performing the intra-procedural analysis, the processor is to:identify that a variable, associated with the particular block, isincluded in the impacted set of variables, and determine that theparticular block is not an impacted block when the variable is includedin the defined set of variables associated with the particular block.18. The server device of claim 11, where the processor is further to:create one or more analysis threads, corresponding to one or more parentfunctions, that are associated with a first distance, execute the one ormore analysis threads associated with the first distance by performingone or more intra-procedural analyses on the one or more parentfunctions, where the one or more intra-procedural analyses are performedconcurrently or simultaneously, create one or more analysis threads,corresponding to one or more child functions, that are associated with asecond distance, where the one or more child functions are associatedwith blocks, within the one or more parent functions, that are affectedby the changed line of code associated with the software application,and execute the one or more analysis threads, associated with the seconddistance by performing one or more inter-procedural analyses on the oneor more child functions, where the one or more inter-procedural analysesare performed concurrently or simultaneously.
 19. A non-transitorycomputer-readable medium comprising: receiving a request to perform animpact analysis on a changed line of code, of a plurality of lines ofcode, associated with a software application; associating, in responseto the request, a parent function with one or more lines of code, of theplurality of lines of code, that include the changed line of code;generating a control flow graph associated with the parent function,where the control flow graph includes one or more blocks that correspondto the one or more lines of code and an epicenter block that correspondsto the changed line of code, where the epicenter block includes one ormore variables that are defined within the epicenter block; identifyingone of the one or more blocks, as an impacted block, when the one of theone or more block uses any of the one or more variables; generating acall graph that identifies one or more child functions associated withthe impacted block based on statements, within the impacted block, thatlogically interconnect the one or more child functions with the impactedblock; identifying at least one other impacted block, of the blocksassociated with the one or more child functions, based on adetermination that the at least one other impacted block uses any of theone or more variables; and presenting, for display, a notification thatsoftware testing is to be conducted on lines of code associated with theimpacted block and the at least one other impacted block.
 20. Thenon-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 19, where the parentfunction performs an act or operation associated with the softwareapplication; and where associating the parent function with the one ormore lines of code includes: identifying a first line of code, thatoccurs before the changed line of code, that corresponds to a beginningof the parent function; identifying a second line of code, that occursafter the changed line of code, that corresponds to an end of the parentfunction; and associating the parent function with the lines of codefrom the first line of code to the second line of code.
 21. Thenon-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 19, where generatingthe control flow graph includes: determining a data flow or a logic flowamong the one or more blocks and between the epicenter block and the oneor more blocks; and creating logical interconnections among the one ormore blocks and between the epicenter block and the one or more blocksbased on the data flow or the logic flow.
 22. The non-transitorycomputer-readable medium of claim 19, where generating the call graphfurther includes: identifying the statements within the impacted blockas one or more lines of code that call the one or more child functionsor that return data to the one or more child functions.
 23. Thenon-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 19, further comprising:identifying a grandchild function based on a statement detected withinthe at least one other impacted block that logically interconnects thegrandchild function with the at least one other impacted block;identifying at least one further block associated with the grandchildfunction, based on a determination that the further block uses any ofthe one or more variables; and presenting, for display, anothernotification that software testing is to be conducted on lines of codeassociated with the at least one further block.